Russia is like the guy behind the curtain. They have a tendency to talk nice with the US when it benefits them, but they are still taking money and supporting those countries that defy America. Russia works very closely with Iran, supplying Nuclear technology, space plans and weapons. Since November when they were accepted into the United Nations, they have prolonged any sanctions on their Bushehr project in Iran. Russia seems to take advantage of every possible country they can. Last year, when Uzbekistan kicked the United States military out, Russians jumped in and signed an agreement moving their military in (article). Now they can use the Airbase in exchange for new navigation and air defense systems. Not a bad idea right? I mean, if I were the leader of a country, and wanted to put jets at a location, I would want that Air base to be well protected. It's a win-win situation. Of course, it will only be for "emergencies". Currently they also have the ability to use another air base in Kyrgyzstan, located directly north of China. That airbase is currently shared by the US as well.
Currently Russia seeks out its income by providing gas to other countries. This is currently a touchy subject due to the death of Niyazov, Turkmenistans leader. Niyazov reportedly died of a heart attack on December 21. This puts a damper on Russia because, Turkmenistan provided an estimated 40 billion cubic meters (bcm) this year in gas. The problem exists because Niyazov purged so many of the top ranks of Turkmenistan’s political leadership that he left behind no clear-cut successor. Normally, leadership would go to the Parliament chairman, however earlier this year, a criminal case was opened against the chairman, thus taking away his candidacy. Currently deputy prime minister, Gurbanguly Berdymukhammedov, has assumed the provisional presidency. Turkmen political leaders, now living in exile in Western European states, are looking to return and push for radical change in Turkmenistan. If they ever succeeded, they could steer Turkmen energy exports away from Russia and toward Turkey and the European Union. Which of course, would really piss Russia off. (article) Turkmenistan is the largest natural-gas producer in Central Asia. Its hydrocarbon reserves are estimated at 81 billion barrels (11 billion tons) of crude and 5.5 trillion cubic meters of gas.
Russia is currently already charging some countries double for gas. Russian gas monopoly Gazprom said it would sell 1.1 billion cubic meters of gas to Georgia and raised prices to $235 per 1,000 cubic meters. Georgia needs 1.8 bcm a year. (article) Georgia currently pays $110. (stat)
So what would Russia due if they lost their investment in Ashgabat (Turkmenistan's Capital)? My guess is sell nuclear weapons to Iran, while trying to overtake small countries like Israel that have large amounts of oil reserves.